Not only do hot summer days make people uncomfortable outdoors, it can also impact livestock.
K-State Research and Extension beef veterinarian A.J. Tarpoff said temperature, humidity, wind speed and solar radiation all affect cattle. Not only do producers need to watch daytime temperatures, Tarpoff said nighttime temperatures are just as important in preventing heat stress.
“They really need about six hours of nighttime cooling to dissipate the heat load they accumulated during the day,” Tarpoff said.
A forecasting tool Tarpoff recommends is the Kansas Mesonet.
To minimize the amount of heat stress on the cattle, Tarpoff advises producers to finish all processing or handling work with cattle before 10 a.m. on hot days, and potentially to push feeding times to later in the evening.
“When we feed cattle, they will actually increase their heat load just from digestion for the next 4 to 6 hours,” Tarpoff said.
He also recommends reducing the stocking load, which increases spacing and allows for better air circulation and easier access to water.
“During the summer months we want to increase wind speed as much as we can just to be able to dissipate some of that heat load,” he said.
Another strategy that Tarpoff recommends is providing cattle bedding and shade so that animals have a cool place to lay.“ Cattle have an immense shade seeking behavior,” he said.
Tarpoff said water misters should only be used in the morning and evening for evaporative cooling of the pen surface.
“We don’t wet the cattle to cool them during the heat of the day,” he said. “That can be disastrous because we can actually increase the humidity at the pen level at that time of day.”
Interested persons can also send their questions to Tarpoff at tarpoff@ksu.edu, or contact the Cottonwood Extension District at either 620-793-1910 or 785-628-9430.
Alicia Boor is the Agriculture and Natural Resources agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. Contact her by email at aboor@ksu.edu or call 620-793-1910.
